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101.
节能服务企业效率对于推动节能服务产业发展和确保国家“双碳”目标实现具有重要意义。运用三阶段SBM模型,对2020年60家中国节能服务上市企业的综合效率进行实证研究,并分析效率的影响因素。研究结果表明,经济发展水平对综合效率具有双重影响,合适的产业结构和较高的投入资本回报率有利于综合效率提升,而政府补贴与企业存续时间制约了综合效率改进;剔除环境因素与随机误差影响后,多数企业综合效率下降,整体效率偏低;提高规模效率是提升综合效率的关键,且绝大部分企业处于规模收益递增状态。研究最后提出创新补贴方式、建立企业认证制度、开展综合能源服务和推动企业间兼并重组等可行建议,以提升节能服务企业的综合效率。 相似文献
102.
103.
Let $A \subset {{\Bbb Z}_N}$, and ${f_A}(s) = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}{1 - \frac{{|A|}}{N},}&{{\rm{for}}\;s \in A,}\\{ - \frac{{|A|}}{N},}&{{\rm{for}}\;s \notin A.}\end{array}} \right.$ We define the pseudorandom measure of order k of the subset A as follows, Pk(A, N) = $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\max }\\D\end{array}$|$\mathop \Sigma \limits_{n \in {\mathbb{Z}_N}}$fA(n + c1)fA(n + c2) … fA(n + ck)|, where the maximum is taken over all D = (c1, c2, . . . , ck) ∈ ${\mathbb{Z}^k}$ with 0 ≤ c1 < c2 < … < ck ≤ N - 1. The subset A ⊂ ${{\mathbb{Z}_N}}$ is considered as a pseudorandom subset of degree k if Pk(A, N) is “small” in terms of N. We establish a link between the Gowers norm and our pseudorandom measure, and show that “good” pseudorandom subsets must have “small” Gowers norm. We give an example to suggest that subsets with “small” Gowers norm may have large pseudorandom measure. Finally, we prove that the pseudorandom subset of degree L(k) contains an arithmetic progression of length k, where L(k) = 2·lcm(2, 4, . . . , 2|$\frac{k}{2}$|), for k ≥ 4, and lcm(a1, a2, . . . , al) denotes the least common multiple of a1, a2, . . . , al. 相似文献
104.
Let (X, d, μ) be a metric measure space with non-negative Ricci curvature. This paper is concerned with the boundary behavior of harmonic function on the (open) upper half-space . We derive that a function f of bounded mean oscillation (BMO) is the trace of harmonic function on , whenever u satisfies the following Carleson measure condition where denotes the total gradient and denotes the (open) ball centered at with radius . Conversely, the above condition characterizes all the harmonic functions whose traces are in BMO space. 相似文献
105.
Kyle Siegrist 《Journal of Theoretical Probability》1994,7(4):725-737
Three fundamental characterizations of the standard exponential distribution on [0, ) are the remaining life, memoryless and constant failure properties. Analogs of these properties are studied for distributions on a class of semigroups in which the semigroup operation replaces addition, a compatible partial order replaces the ordinary order, and a left-invariant measure replaces Lebesgue measure. Partial characterizations of exponential distributions on such semigroups are obtained and the semigroup formulation provides new characterizations of certain aging properties studied in reliability-increasing failure rate, new better than used, and increasing failure rate average. 相似文献
106.
Masakiyo Miyazawa 《Queueing Systems》1994,15(1-4):1-58
We survey the rate conservation law, RCL for short, arising in queues and related stochastic models. RCL was recognized as one of the fundamental principles to get relationships between time and embedded averages such as the extended Little's formulaH=G, but we show that it has other applications. For example, RCL is one of the important techniques for deriving equilibrium equations for stochastic processes. It is shown that the various techniques, including Mecke's formula for a stationary random measure, can be formulated as RCL. For this purpose, we start with a new definition of the rate with respect to a random measure, and generalize RCL by using it. We further introduce the notion of quasi-expectation, which is a certain extension of the ordinary expectation, and derive RCL applicable to the sample average results. It means that the sample average formulas such asH=G can be obtained as the stationary RCL in the quasi-expectation framework. We also survey several extensions of RCL and discuss examples. Throughout the paper, we would like to emphasize how results can be easily obtained by using a simple principle, RCL. 相似文献
107.
E. J. Janse van Rensburg E. Orlandini D. W. Sumners M. C. Tesi S. G. Whittington 《Journal of statistical physics》1996,85(1-2):103-130
We consider a discrete ribbon model for double-stranded polymers where the ribbon is constrained to lie in a three-dimensional lattice. The ribbon can be open or closed, and closed ribbons can be orientable or nonorientable. We prove some results about the asymptotic behavior of the numbers of ribbons withn plaquettes, and a theorem about the frequency of occurrence of certain patterns in these ribbons. We use this to derive results about the frequency of knots in closed ribbons, the linking of the boundary curves of orientable closed ribbons, and the twist and writhe of ribbons. We show that the centerline and boundary of a closed ribbon are both almost surely knotted in the infinite-n limit. For an orientable ribbon, the expectation of the absolute value of the linking number of the two boundary curves increases at least as fast as n, and similar results hold for the twist and writhe. 相似文献
108.
B. Kaminski 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1996,124(5):1533-1537
It is shown that if an abelian countable group is such that is a finite group and every aperiodic positive entropy action of on a Lebesgue probability space has a countable Haar spectrum in the subspace , where denotes the Pinsker -
algebra of , then every aperiodic positive entropy action of on has the same property. A positive answer to the question of J.P. Thouvenot is obtained as a corollary.
algebra of , then every aperiodic positive entropy action of on has the same property. A positive answer to the question of J.P. Thouvenot is obtained as a corollary.
109.
Bosko Zivaljevic 《Transactions of the American Mathematical Society》1996,348(5):1921-1938
We continue the investigation of validity of Hall's theorem in the case of the Loeb space of an internal, uniformly distributed, hyperfinite measure space initiated in1992 by the author. Some new classes of graphs are introduced for which the measure theoretic version of Hall's theorem still holds.
110.
Carleson measure characterization of Bloch functions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lou Zengjian 《数学学报(英文版)》1996,12(2):175-184
We give several equivalences of Bloch functions and little Bloch functions. Using these results we obtain the generalized Carleson measure characterization of Bloch functions and the generalized vanishing Carleson measure characterization of little Bloch functions, that is,f B if and only if |D
f(z)|
p
(1-|z|2)p-1
dm(z) is a generalized Carleson measure;f B
0 if and only if |D
f(z)|
p
(1-|z|2)p-1
dm(z) is a generalized vanishing Carleson measure, whereD
f( > 0) is the fractional derivative of analytic functionf of order, m denotes the normalised Lebesgue measure.Supported partly by the Young Teacher Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province. 相似文献